When it comes to computer manufacturing, the choice of materials plays a crucial role not only in the performance of the computers but also in their environmental impact. Let me break it down for you.

Firstly, key components like the CPU, GPU, and the motherboard are built using a variety of metals and silicon-based semiconductors. The purity and quality of the silicon used can significantly affect the efficiency and speed of the computer chips. High-quality materials enhance conductivity and reduce overheating, which boosts overall performance.

Secondly, plastics make up a significant portion of the peripheral components like the casing, keyboard, and the mouse. While cheaper plastics can reduce costs, they often lead to lower durability and a shorter product life. Using recycled or biodegradable plastics can help improve the sustainability of computer products.

Moreover, with the growing focus on sustainability, the use of toxic materials such as lead and mercury has been largely reduced. This not only helps in making the disposal of electronic waste safer but also complies with international regulations like the Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS).

Lastly, innovations in material science have led to the development of more efficient and lighter batteries, and better display technologies which not only extend the battery life but also enhance the display quality of computers. Ongoing research into novel materials such as graphene could further revolutionize the field by dramatically improving the capabilities of computing devices while reducing their environmental footprint.

By choosing the right materials, manufacturers can ensure high performance, durability, and a lesser environmental impact of their products, which ultimately benefit both the consumers and the planet. It’s a complex but fascinating balance between engineering, technology, and eco-consciousness.